The inverter is one of the key elements of every photovoltaic installation. Although it is not as visible as the solar panels, its role is fundamental to the proper operation of the system. Let’s explore how the photovoltaic inverter works and what functions it performs in the system.
What is an inverter and how does it work?
An inverter is a device that converts the direct current (DC) generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC), which powers household appliances and devices. Most electrical devices in homes require alternating current with a voltage of 230/400 V and a frequency of 50 Hz. Without the inverter, the electricity generated by the panels wouldn’t be usable in everyday life.
After converting the current, the inverter transfers energy to the power grid through a bidirectional meter. This allows surplus energy produced on sunny days to be sent back to the grid, while during periods of lower production, such as in winter, the user can draw energy previously supplied to the grid. This process, called net-metering, can lead to savings of up to 80% on energy bills.
Types of inverters
Different types of inverters are available to suit various needs:
- On-grid inverters – These work in conjunction with the power grid and are the most commonly used in residential photovoltaic systems.
- Off-grid inverters – These operate independently of the grid but require batteries to store energy, which can increase costs.
- Hybrid inverters – These combine the capabilities of on-grid and off-grid inverters, allowing for both grid interaction and energy storage in batteries.
Selecting the right type of inverter depends on individual needs and preferences. In Poland, on-grid inverters are the most popular due to the high cost of battery storage systems.
Additional inverter features
Modern inverters come with features that make photovoltaic systems more user-friendly. For example, many offer system monitoring through a mobile app, enabling users to track energy production and usage from anywhere. The app also provides data on energy savings, helping users better understand and manage their system’s performance.
Another important feature is MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) technology, which optimizes the operation of the panels by adjusting to changing sunlight conditions. This ensures that the inverter extracts the maximum possible energy from the panels, increasing system efficiency by up to 20% compared to older technologies.
Examples of SolarEdge inverters – Get to know them better
Summary
The inverter is the heart of every photovoltaic installation. It plays a critical role in converting direct current to alternating current, making solar energy usable. Additional features like remote monitoring and panel optimization make modern photovoltaic systems more efficient and convenient.
If you’re considering investing in solar energy, remember that choosing the right inverter is crucial. It will impact the efficiency of your system and your long-term savings.
Contact us and learn more about the benefits of choosing a photovoltaic installation for your home.
